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An investigation by Channel 4’s Dispatches and the Sunday Times examined the land and properties the two leading royals own through the Duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall.
The investigation reported that last year the Duchy of Lancaster agreed a deal to store a new fleet of electric ambulances, owned by Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Trust in London, in one of the estate’s warehouses at a cost of £11.4 million over 15 years.
It also said the Duchy of Cornwall had charged the navy more than £1 million since 2004 to build and use jetties and moor warships on the Cornish coastline.
The duchy will also earn around £600,000 over the lifetime of six different leases agreed with local state schools, the investigation found.
The Duchy of Lancaster is a portfolio of land, property and assets across England and Wales held in trust for the Sovereign, including key urban developments, historic buildings, high-quality farm land and areas of great natural beauty, dating back to the 14th century.
The Duchy of Cornwall is a similar portfolio valued at more than £1 billion which provides an income for the heir to the throne.
Both estates are exempt from paying Corporation Tax or Capital Gains Tax.
Further claims made of the Duchy of Cornwall include that it signed a £37 million deal to lease Dartmoor Prison to the Ministry of Justice and a deal with the Ministry of Defence to allow the Armed Forces to train on Dartmoor land.
Last year the King asked for profits from a £1 billion-a-year Crown Estate wind farm deal to be used for the “wider public good” rather than as a funding boost for the monarchy.
But the investigation also found that Charles would still make at least £28 million from wind farms because of a feudal right to charge for cables crossing land belonging to the Duchy of Lancaster.
There are further claims from the investigation, working with the Mirror newspaper, that private residential properties rented out by both duchies fail to meet minimum energy efficiency requirements.
Some 14% of homes leased by the Duchy of Cornwall and 13% by the Duchy of Lancaster have a performance rating of F or G, despite it being against the law for landlords to rent out properties rated below an E since 2020, the investigation reported.
Charles’s annual income from the Duchy of Lancaster rose by 5% to £27.4 million in 2023/24, according to accounts published by the estate in July.
William received an annual private income of more than £23.6 million from the Duchy of Cornwall last year, accounts showed.
The income from both the duchies is separate from the taxpayer-funded Sovereign Grant which pays for the monarch’s official duties.
Neither the King nor the Prince of Wales are legally obliged to pay income tax but both have offered to do so.
Responding to the claims, a Duchy of Lancaster spokesperson said: “The Duchy of Lancaster operates as a commercial company, managing a broad range of land and property assets across England and Wales. It complies with all relevant UK legislation and regulatory standards applicable to its range of business activities.
“The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster is responsible to the Sovereign for the administration of the Duchy. However, he/she delegates certain functions, particularly those regarding asset management, to the Duchy Council.
“While His Majesty The King takes a close interest in the work of the Duchy, the day-to-day management of the portfolio is the responsibility of the Council and executive team.
“The Duchy has made a number of key environmental improvements in recent years, delivering a significant increase in the number of A+, A and B EPC ratings awarded to our properties as a result of refurbishment or restoration works.
“Currently, over 87% of all Duchy let properties are rated E or above. The remainder are either awaiting scheduled improvement works or are exempted under UK legislation.”
A Duchy of Cornwall spokesperson said William was committed to “an expansive transformation” of the estate.
They said in a statement: “The Duchy of Cornwall is a private estate with a commercial imperative which we achieve alongside our commitment to restoring the natural environment and generating positive social impact for our communities.
“Prince William became Duke of Cornwall in September 2022 and since then has committed to an expansive transformation of the Duchy.
“This includes a significant investment to make the estate net zero by the end of 2032, as well as establishing targeted mental health support for our tenants and working with local partners to help tackle homelessness in Cornwall.”
Buckingham Palace declined to comment.
